Clavicle (collar bone) fractures make up around 5% of all bone fractures. Usually, people fracture the middle part of their collarbone but sometimes the outer part on top of the shoulder breaks and separates. This is called a “displaced distal clavicle fracture”. These fractures can be very painful, make it hard to move your arm, disturb sleep and affect the appearance of your shoulder. Patients either undergo surgery to repair the collarbone with plates and screws or they wear a ...

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Sodium bicarbonate is widely,but not universally,used to treat metabolic acidosis in very preterm babies but the evidence underpinning its use is poor. The BASE trial aims to answer the question,‘In very preterm babies with metabolic acidosis,does giving them sodium bicarbonate or not impact on their health and development in the short and long term?’ The primary objective of the BASE trial is to evaluate the effect of sodium bicarbonate on survival to discharge from neonatal care without major morbidity. In this randomised ...

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REGN4018 and cemiplimab are the study drugs under investigation for the treatment of ovarian cancer. They are both investigational drugs, meaning they have not received approval from health authorities for the treatment of ovarian cancer. The purpose of this study is to learn about the safety of REGN4018 and to find out what dose of REGN4018 can be given alone or with cemiplimab to patients with ovarian cancer, without causing too many side effects. The study will also look at ...

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In one of the most severe congenital heart defects, hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), the left ventricle is underdeveloped and the prognosis is worse than in most other heart defects. The underdevelopment can occur gradually during fetal growth caused by a narrowing of the aortic valve. At some international centers, such fetuses are treated with a balloon dilation of the narrowed valve, but there is no scientifically sound evidence that this treatment is effective. The aim of this study is: 1/ ...

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Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic condition of childhood, affecting 1 in 490 children under the age of 15 years. It is caused by the immune system damaging the pancreas, the organ which makes insulin, and impacts every aspect of a person’s life. T1D has recognised stages before symptoms develop, providing an opportunity for early diagnosis, education and treatment which may delay the onset of symptoms. Early diagnosis often relies on a test called the oral glucose tolerance test ...

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Glioblastoma multiforme is a type of brain tumour. When it is first diagnosed,patients are usually treated with surgery and then a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide. Unfortunately,although this often slows or stops the disease from growing for a period of time,in most cases,usually a few months after the end of the original treatment,the tumour starts to grow again. This can be detected by an MRI scan. When this happens patients may experience new symptoms or a repeat of ...

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About one in seven babies born in the UK each year need specialist neonatal care in a hospital because they are born too early,are born very small or have a medical condition.Ensuring these babies have enough nutrition is a key part of their care. Premature babies are fed milk every few hours through a soft plastic tube into their stomach, called a gastric tube. As their stomachs and digestive systems are not yet ready for lots of milk, the amount given ...

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The purpose of this study is to investigate possible causes of nerve damage in patients carrying a genetic abnormality in the gene known as C9orf72, which is the cause of the diseases Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS; also known as motor neuron disease or MND) and Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) in some people with these conditions. To carry out the study, we will take samples from and perform scans of the nervous system of carriers of the C9orf72 gene abnormality who have ...

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Mantle cell lymphoma (MC) is an uncommon type of non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Most patients with MCL need to stat treatment soon after diagnosis,usually with a combination of chemotherapy and a 'targeted' treatment called rituximab. 25-30% of patients have 'indolent' (non-aggressive) MCL where the standard approach is an initial period of 'watchful waiting' followed by treatment with rituximab and chemotherapy when the lymphoma worsens (progresses). In this trial we will investigate whether there is a benefit of giving earlier treatment with ...

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Resistance to standard of care treatment for stage III unresectable or stage IV melanoma can develop after about 12-15 months. During this period,the treatment will kill the less resistant cells,meaning a tumour has a greater proportion of cells that are resistant to treatment. This study aims to investigate if the patient having breaks in their treatment,guided by the ctDNA TAB level,allows the less resistant cells to continue to grow,resulting in a tumour with a lower proportion of resistant cells,making the ...

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