Each year in the UK, around 37,000 patients have radiotherapy for breast cancer. Radiotherapy uses radiation to kill cancer cells. Radiotherapy is given to the breast and, if needed, to the lymph node regions in daily doses. Until recently most patients needed at least 15 daily treatments of radiotherapy. In addition, around 10,000 women per year in the UK needed up to 8 extra radiation treatments to the part of the breast where the cancer was, resulting in a total ...

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The relationship between cabergoline treatment of prolactinoma,the most frequently occurring secretory pituitary tumour and psychiatric side effects remains unclear. Understanding the frequency with which these side effects occur,particularly impulse control disorders and the risk factors for their development is important for healthcare professionals to counsel and monitor patients. This is a prospective study using questionnaires at specific timepoints to investigate psychiatric side effects of cabergoline in patients receiving this for the management of prolactinomas. STUDY OBJECTIVES Primary objective To investigate the ...

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Children and young people (CYP) with problems with sore joints called Juvenile idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) or problems with their immune system (rheumatological issues) have a range of complaints, such as painful, stiff joints. These problems come and go and can stop CYP attending school. In adulthood, symptoms may affect what job they are able to do. CYP often need to take medications with severe side effects. CYP are usually watched closely to ensure that their medications are working and side ...

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Basal thumb osteoarthritis (BTOA) is a common condition that affects 21% of the population by the age of 40 and 45% by the age of 80. BTOA causes significant problems in this large population with symptoms including pain, tenderness and stiffness. There are a variety of non-surgical and surgical treatments available for BTOA. If non-surgical treatment fails then surgical options can be offered (trapeziectomy and carpometacarpal joint replacement (CMCJR)). However there is a lack of high quality evidence comparing these ...

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Ketone bodies are fat-derived fuels used by tissues for energy when glucose availability is limited, such as during fasting. In people with diabetes, various factors can trigger a build-up of ketones in the blood (ketosis), including inadequate insulin administration, infection, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pump failure, and certain medications. This can lead to a life-threatening medical emergency called Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). Patients with heart failure or chronic kidney disease also have an increased risk of ketosis due to the use ...

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Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a malformation of brain development, the most common cause of drug-resistant epilepsy and often caused by mutations in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway genes. Patients with FCD develop drug-resistant seizures. Our study will look at FCD tissue removed during epilepsy surgery and aims to detect mutations in mTOR pathway genes in brain cells. Secondly, we will establish if evidence of mutations found in brain cells can also be detected as circulating free DNA (cfDNA) ...

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Head and neck cancer affects the mouth, throat, salivary glands, voice box, nose or sinuses. Every year over 12,000 people get head and neck cancer. It is the 8th most common form of cancer. Over recent years many more people, particularly young people, have developed head and neck cancers. Many of these cancers are removed surgically. Some people also need radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Treatments are improving and better at getting rid of these cancers. Neck dissection is a common operation ...

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Patients with the rare inherited bleeding disorders, afibrinogenaemia and dysfibrinogenaemia commonly require concentrated fibrinogen therapy to treat or prevent bleeding. Recent studies have highlighted that each type of fibrinogen treatment works a little differently, in particular in the degree to which a strong blood clot, that doesn't dissolve rapidly, is formed. We have recently studied the different effects of two commercial fibrinogen concentrates (Riastap®and Fibryga®) on clot formation in a patient with afibrinogenaemia. Our report suggests that the specific choice ...

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This is a study putting together large numbers of patients with or without a hereditary risk of adrenal tumours including tumours such as adrenocortical carcinoma and phaeochromocytoma/paraganglioma. The purpose is to answer questions about the survival of patients with these rare tumours and to do this, we will collect information on diagnosis and management of these tumours. This data will be best assessed by combing these rare cases at a national level recruiting from centres throughout UK and Ireland. The ...

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We are conducting a study to gather more information on the safety and effectiveness of Xromi (hydroxyurea), a liquid medicine licensed to treat sickle cell disease (SCD) in children from 9 months of age. We aim to understand its safety profile and efficacy in preventing serious SCD complications (e.g., pain crises, acute chest syndromes, stroke) in children under 2 years when used in standard care. We will compare medical information collected during routine clinical appointments of children under 2 years who ...

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