The mitral valve is one of four valves in the heart. Its role is to stop blood flowing the wrong way through the heart. Mitral valve regurgitation (known as MR) is a condition where the valve does not close fully when it is supposed to and allows some blood to leak and flow the wrong way. People with MR (valve leakage) may experience dizziness, breathlessness, tiredness and chest pain. If this isn’t treated it can lead to an irregular heartbeat, ...

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The Staphylococcus aureus network adaptive platform (SNAP) trial investigates a range of antibiotic treatment options in S. aureus bacteraemia (SAB). Background: S. Aureus bloodstream infection (bacteraemia) is a common,severe global infection. SAB affects ~13000 people/year in England with 15-30% 90-day mortality. Treatment is based on antibiotic susceptibility but we lack evidence to support antibiotic selection with <3000 participants ever recruited into randomised controlled trials (RCT). There are no specific SAB international or UK guidelines. Pragmatic clinical trials are urgently needed,to optimise antibiotic choice ...

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The ADVANCE study is post-market, prospective, interventional, global, multicenter, randomized, dual-arm trial. The purpose of the post-market study is to demonstrate clinical benefit with Endurant II/IIs compared to Gore Excluder/Excluder Conformable by generating robust, Level I evidence to elucidate the mechanism of sac regression and any device-related differences, in subjects with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) for whom an EVAR procedure is indicated. Beyond comparing sac regression rates between devices, the study will also investigate if the sac regression led to decreased risk ...

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Retinal degeneration has a very significant impact on quality of life. For example, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of vision impairment worldwide. AMD involves progressive damage to the central part of the retina (the tissue at the back of the eye that detects light) called the macula, which is responsible for our central vision and functions such as reading and seeing faces or fine detail. Treatment is currently available for one type of AMD called ...

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Meningioma is the commonest primary brain tumour. 1600 patients/year have surgery in the UK. At diagnosis,70% of patients will not have had seizures,but ~12% of the seizure-naïve patients will have a seizure within 12 months of surgery. Seizures impact quality of life and can be life-threatening. Side effects from anti-epileptic drugs (AED) also affect quality of life. Neurosurgeons administer prophylactic AEDs to prevent seizures despite a lack of evidence to support this. A meta-analysis of RCTs in brain tumours suggests ...

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In coarctation of the aorta, there is a narrowing in the aorta just beyond the branches that supply the head and arms with blood. This prevents the blood from circulating normally in the lower half of the body and can be very serious. The narrowing of the aorta is usually repaired with surgery during early childhood. In the long-term, up to 60% of patients who have had a coarctation repair develop high blood pressure, and this begins in childhood. High blood ...

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The FOxTROT platform is a rolling programme of molecularly stratified, randomised phase II/III, multi-centre, international, open-label studies patients with locally advanced but operable colon cancer (CC). FOxTROT 2 is a phase III,multi-centre,open-label,international,randomised-controlled trial of modified dose of OxFp compared to STS,in patients unsuitable for FOLFOXIRI with a left-CC or with a right-CC tumour confirmed to be pMMR or MSS, and not felt to be at risk of bowel obstruction. FOxTROT 3 is a phase III, multi-centre, open-label, international, randomised-controlled trial of 6 ...

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Every year over 15,800 people are diagnosed with gullet (oesophageal) or stomach cancer and over 12,300 deaths are reported from both cancers in the UK. Currently, most gullet or stomach cancer patients are treated with surgery with or without additional chemo- or radio-therapy. Recently, there have been improvements in survival from these cancers, due to better therapies. However, around two-thirds of patients treated with surgery, the cancer will return within three years and they will ultimately die from this. There ...

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Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune condition, and one of the most common, chronic conditions of childhood. Three stages of T1D are recognised, with stage 1 and 2 T1D characterised by autoimmunity (presence of two or more diabetes antibodies) where individuals are pre-symptomatic. Stage 3 T1D is the classical symptomatic presentation, when insulin commencement is necessary. Almost all children with two or more T1D antibodies, will develop T1D in their lifetime. Earlier detection of T1D will identify individuals who ...

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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of glofitamab monotherapy compared with an investigator’s choice of either rituximab plus bendamustine (BR), or lenalidomide with rituximab (R-Len) in patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) as measured by Blinded Independent Review Committee (BIRC) assessed progression-free survival (PFS). Participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either glofitamab as a single agent or an investigator’s choice between BR or R-Len. Approximately half of the patients ...

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