Do patients with hip fracture have better clinical outcomes when a more liberal transfusion practice is used to treat anaemia ? Hip fracture is the most common serious injury in older people. More than 95% of patients have surgery. This surgery is often high-risk as patients may be frail and have other health problems including heart disease and anaemia (a low blood count). Patients may be in hospital for a long time and need rehabilitation. Up to 35% of surviving patients do not return to ...

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When menopause occurs in women under the age of 40 it is called Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI). The cause is often unknown but may be due to genetic conditions, immune disorders, cancer treatments, or surgery involving the ovaries. The main symptom is absent or very irregular periods. Many women get other menopause symptoms, such as hot flushes and sweats, loss of libido, painful intercourse, mood changes and fatigue. The ability to get pregnant naturally is greatly reduced. In the long-term, ...

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In the United Kingdom (UK), around 250,000 platelet transfusions are given out every year. Platelet transfusions are given when the number of platelets in the blood (the platelet count) falls below a certain level (the transfusion threshold). Platelet transfusions are commonly given in Intensive Care Units (ICU) as patients in ICU often have fewer platelets in their blood than healthy people. In ICUs, platelet transfusions are mainly given to try and prevent bleeding, for example during a procedure. However, platelet ...

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Inherited retinal disease (IRDs) are a leading cause of visual impairment in the working age population. Mutations in over 300 genes are associated with IRDs and a genetic diagnosis, which involves identifying the affected gene in a patient, is the first step towards care and management of the patient. However, genetics diagnosis is currently slow, expensive and not widely accessible: - Average time to diagnosis is over 5 years and costs £10,000 per patient. - More than 40% of patients are ...

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Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an incurable cancer of the lining of the lung, which is strongly associated with prior asbestos exposure. MPM typical develops after decades of asbestos-driven benign pleural inflammation and it is not known what triggers the evolution from benign inflammation to MPM, or how best to treat the cancer to reverse or halt these processes. Meso-ORIGINS forms the prospective tissue collection element of the PREDICT-Meso International Accelerator Network funded by CRUK/AIRC/AECC. Our aim is to generate a large prospective cohort of ...

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Adult SMA REACH is a project created to capture natural history data on adult patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). SMA is a rare form of motor neuron disease caused by mutations in the survival motor neuron 1 gene (SMN1) and which affects both children and adults. In recent years, the field has seen a dramatic change in available treatments for this cohort of patients. Adult SMA REACH has established a clinical network of health professionals from clinical sites across ...

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Ultrasound is a mandatory tool for safely monitoring the growth and development of foetuses during pregnancy. Although pregnancy ultrasound is routinely used in developed countries, it has a major disadvantage, namely a high level of operator dependence: non-experts (or infrequent) users of the technology are often not able to acquire and interpret diagnostic ultrasound images consistently and reliably. Consequently, there is a significant requirement for training, and lack of adequately trained staff is the most commonly reported barrier to the ...

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Prostate cancer is the commonest cancer in men. Many prostate cancers are not lethal and can be safely managed by observation (Active Surveillance). Over time,more than half of the men choosing observation receive radical surgery or radiotherapy. Both treatments produce side effects and may be unnecessary. Most men opt for treatment because of their rising PSA (prostate blood test) levels. This usually reflects aging of the prostate,rather than advancing cancer. We aim to improve what is offered,so more men remain on ...

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When children are in intensive care, their blood pressure can fall. A low blood pressure (hypotension) can be dangerous, even life threatening. It can cause damage to the brain and other organs. Many intensive care treatments are used to increase blood pressure. These include intravenous fluids and drugs to make the heart pump harder. However, these treatments also have side-effects and complications. Currently, most doctors aim to achieve a blood pressure in the normal range for age. However, recent research ...

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We will conduct a randomised,double-blind,placebo controlled,Phase 2 study to evaluate the effect of the selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitor,SPI-62,6mg once daily for 12-weeks,on metabolic,bone and cognitive phenotype in patients with adrenal adenomas and evidence of MACS. 40 patients with MACS will be recruited from tertiary referral endocrine centres. All participants will have baseline investigations performed before treatment. We will collect clinical data by collecting biological samples including serum,urine,adipose tissue and microdialysis,as well as questionnaires and cognitive function tests. All participants will have baseline ...

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