Age-related-macular-degeneration (AMD) is a very common cause of blindness. Unfortunately,doctors don’t know who will progress to the sight threatening stage of the disease. Some patients progress slowly or not at all and others quickly. We can teach computers to analyse high resolution images of the inside of the eye. We have access to hundreds of thousands of such images from patients with AMD and patients who don’t have AMD. These images allow us to train computers to identify what eye changes ...

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Liver cancer (HCC, hepatocellular cancer) is a major world-wide health problem and is one of the fastest rising and fourth commonest cause of death due to cancer world-wide. HCC usually arises in people with liver cirrhosis as a result of viral infections, alcohol excess and obesity, all of which cause the immune system to attack the liver. Due to the increased risk of HCC, patients with liver cirrhosis usually have ultrasound scans and blood tests bi-annually, so that if a ...

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The majority of patients who suffer a traumatic brain injury (TBI) do not need to stay in hospital overnight. However, some require admission to a specialist hospital, as their injury is more serious. Seizures can be harmful or even fatal, if not treated appropriately. Medications that reduce the risk of seizures are called antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). However, AEDs have side effects, which can affect patients’ quality of life, memory, concentration and general health. Patients with seizures after TBI are typically prescribed ...

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1) To develop functional imaging methods for the diagnosis, management and understanding of tumours in children and young people. 2) To correlate functional imaging with in vitro studies of the biology of tumours, in particular in vitro Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) and tumour genetics.

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The base of thumb joint can commonly be affected by osteoarthritis (OA). This can lead to pain, stiffness, swelling, and difficulty performing activities such as writing, opening jars, or turning keys. Treatment options may include advice on lifestyle factors that may contribute, hand exercises, pain relief such as anti-inflammatory gels or paracetamol, splints, and steroid injections. A surgical procedure called a trapeziectomy (removal of the trapezium bone at the base of the thumb) may be performed where there is ongoing ...

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Congenital lung malformations are a group of related pulmonary lesions now often detected on routine antenatal ultrasound scan. They occur in approximately 1 in 300 babies. A small proportion of babies develop symptoms in the first few weeks of life and require surgery. However, the vast majority remain without symptoms into infancy. Some surgeons advocate planned lung resection in the first year of life in order to avoid problems such as chest infection, or even to avoid a possible tiny ...

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This is a prospective observational study. The primary objective will be to demonstrate the feasibility of monitoring patients for AF occurrence post ICU discharge using a wearable patch device. Secondary aims will be to identify the proportion of patients who develop new onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) in ICU who go on to have AF post discharge,as well as documenting the stroke risk,mortality and length of hospital stay in this patient group. This study will guide the design of a larger study ...

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Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a condition where women have disrupted hormone levels, which lead to irregular or absent periods, and ovaries that have many small, fluid-filled sacs (known as follicles or cysts). It is the most common hormonal disturbance causing medical problems amongst women worldwide, and somewhere between 4-15% of women between the ages of 15 to 44 years old are estimated to have the condition. PCOS is associated with a range of medical problems including heart disease, high blood ...

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If a person develops kidney failure, the build-up of toxins and fluid can be fatal within a few days if untreated. Patients with kidney failure need either a replacement kidney (kidney transplant) or for the excess fluid and toxins to be removed from the body (dialysis). The commonest form of dialysis involves blood being filtered by a machine to remove toxins and excessive fluid (haemodialysis). This requires a brisk flow of blood through the machine to allow the toxins to ...

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Early stage breast cancer patients with abnormal looking armpit lymph glands on an ultrasound scan will have a sample (needle biopsy) of this lymph gland taken. If the sample shows cancer cells are present, patients are often given chemotherapy before surgery (called neoadjuvant chemotherapy) to shrink these cancer cells before their operation. Currently after chemotherapy, all patients undergo breast surgery (lumpectomy or mastectomy) and treatment to their armpit (either removal of all armpit lymph glands or radiotherapy to the armpit). Neoadjuvant ...

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