Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is the distinct precursor to Multiple Myeloma (MM), a rare blood cancer affecting over 5000 people a year in the UK. Although Myeloma is the only clinical state offered therapy, a small number of MGUS patients suffer complications and these are referred to having monoclonal gammopathy of clinical significance (MGCS). Early detection is a high priority for Myeloma patients and drastically improves survival but has the longest diagnostic delay of any cancer. Most avoidable ...

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The intestinal barrier is a vitally important interface through which an individual will interact with the outside world. In early childhood a number of important events occur in the intestine - immune cells encounter bacteria for the first time, the intestine will be exposed to diet and digestion will begin. Problems with these processes can cause disease, but very little is known about what the normal process is. This is made more challenging due to the scarcity of tissue collected ...

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Ocular inflammatory disease is a broad term for a diverse group of infectious and immune mediated diseases which lead to inflammation in various parts of the eye. Ocular inflammation affects about 1 in 5000 individuals and is the third leading cause of blindness in the western world. Within this umbrella, uveitis is an important and common subtype of ocular inflammation. The term uveitis refers to inflammation of the uveal tract, which is comprised of the iris, ciliary body and choroid. ...

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CiproPAL is a randomised,open-label trial in paediatric patients (1-17 years inclusive) with de-novo Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia treated on the existing ALLTogether-1 study (EudraCT 2018-001795-38,REC ref 20/LO/0848,Sponsor: Karolinska University) in the UK. The two main aims of the CiproPAL trial are: 1. To assess the efficacy of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis in reducing infections during the induction phase of the ALLTogether1 Trial. 2. To evaluate the impact of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis on antimicrobial resistance,both in terms of invasive infections and colonising organisms. Patients will be randomised (1:1) ...

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This is a study of an investigational new drug device combination product of Staccato and alprazolam inhalation powder, called “Staccato® alprazolam”. Staccato alprazolam is a single-use, hand-held, portable device that delivers alprazolam in aerosol form (a fine spray) deep into the lungs through inhalation (breathing in). Alprazolam is a drug which acts on the brain and nerves to produce a calming effect. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect and safety of Staccato alprazolam in epilepsy patients with ...

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The retina is the light-sensitive nerve layer that lines the inside of the back of the eye and converts light into electrical signals that is transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve. Inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) are characterised by retinal degeneration associated with genetic mutations. IRDs can affect individuals at any age and progress at different rates with worsening sight or blindness over time. The blinding nature of IRDs, lack of treatment, and complex heterogeneity associated to these conditions ...

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Around a quarter of patients with the most common cause of thyroid gland overactivity (Graves' disease) develop a complication known as Graves' orbitopathy (GO). In GO, tissues in the space behind the eyeballs (the orbit) become inflamed, causing pressure to build up. This causes intense pain, restriction of eye movements, and in some cases permanent damage to sight. The pressure causes the eyeballs to bulge forward (proptosis), causing a startled, staring appearance which is disfiguring and a cause of great ...

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The centre of the retina (macula) at the back of the eye contains cells that give us our central vision that we use for reading and recognising faces. These cells can be damaged by a disease called wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD), where new abnormal blood vessels grow through the macula and leak fluid. This can affect vision. In some cases, wet AMD can also cause a bleed under the macula, known as a submacular haemorrhage (SMH), which can lead ...

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This is a non-therapeutic experimental pilot study which aims to recruit up to 19 patients within England. Participants will be identified and approached by a healthcare professional that is part of their clinical care team within the haematology department at Churchill Hospital,Oxford. This study aims to develop 89Zr-belantamab as a PET imaging agent to image BCMA on myeloma cell infiltration. If the imaging agent can reliably demonstrate myeloma deposits,it has several potential applications for drug development and clinical ...

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RESEARCH QUESTION: In post-menopausal women who will not require chemotherapy for >T1,strongly ER+,HER2- invasive breast cancer,does NET improve global HRQoL over 15 months and increase breast BCS rates? Patients will be randomised 1:1 to either the intervention (NET) arm (6 +/- 1 months of NET followed by surgery and adjuvant ET) or the control arm (2-4 weeks of presurgical NET and surgery within 2-4 weeks [up to 8 weeks permitted for trial purposes] followed by adjuvant ET). Both arms will receive ...

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