Myeloma(MM) is a common bone marrow cancer with over 5,000 patients diagnosed annually in the UK. Patients with MM have cancerous cells in their bone marrow that grow in an uncontrolled fashion and although new treatments have been developed for MM in the last 5 years, it remains an incurable disease, with nearly 3000 deaths yearly. MM is always preceded by defined precursor conditions, known as monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS) and smouldering myeloma (SMM). However, only 7% of ...

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The RADAR trial is a phase III trial investigating whether substituting brentuximab vedotin for bleomycin in standard chemotherapy for patients with previously untreated early stage Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) can: • Help stop the lymphoma from coming back • Help more people reach a deep remission quickly • Improve patient survival • Cause less lung damage • Reduce the need for radiotherapy, and the rates of radiotherapy-related toxicities such as second cancers and heart disease. The current standard treatment for patients with early stage HL is 3-4 cycles of ABVD chemotherapy (doxorubicin, ...

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The purpose of this work is to produce induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) to study rare, genetic forms of craniosynostosis (premature fusion of the cranial sutures of the skull). This would involve obtaining a single blood sample of not more than 24 ml. The purpose of this work is to produce cell types from the patient (such as neural crest cells and mesenchymal stem cells) that have properties that more closely mimic the cells of the cranial sutures than ...

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The Evoke plus study is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate how effective and safe oral semaglutide is in patients with early Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive disorder characterised by gradual cognitive and functional decline that ultimately leads to bodily dysfunction and death. Currently available treatments only provide symptomatic relief and there is a significant unmet need for treatments that can lower the rate of disease progression. Oral semaglutide is a Glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP1-RA), ...

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Age-related-macular-degeneration (AMD) is a very common cause of blindness. Unfortunately,doctors don’t know who will progress to the sight threatening stage of the disease. Some patients progress slowly or not at all and others quickly. We can teach computers to analyse high resolution images of the inside of the eye. We have access to hundreds of thousands of such images from patients with AMD and patients who don’t have AMD. These images allow us to train computers to identify what eye changes ...

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The majority of patients who suffer a traumatic brain injury (TBI) do not need to stay in hospital overnight. However, some require admission to a specialist hospital, as their injury is more serious. Seizures can be harmful or even fatal, if not treated appropriately. Medications that reduce the risk of seizures are called antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). However, AEDs have side effects, which can affect patients’ quality of life, memory, concentration and general health. Patients with seizures after TBI are typically prescribed ...

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1) To develop functional imaging methods for the diagnosis, management and understanding of tumours in children and young people. 2) To correlate functional imaging with in vitro studies of the biology of tumours, in particular in vitro Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) and tumour genetics.

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The base of thumb joint can commonly be affected by osteoarthritis (OA). This can lead to pain, stiffness, swelling, and difficulty performing activities such as writing, opening jars, or turning keys. Treatment options may include advice on lifestyle factors that may contribute, hand exercises, pain relief such as anti-inflammatory gels or paracetamol, splints, and steroid injections. A surgical procedure called a trapeziectomy (removal of the trapezium bone at the base of the thumb) may be performed where there is ongoing ...

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Brain injury is a complication of open-heart surgery affecting around 6 in 10 people. Most cases are mild such as confusion or memory problems. Occasionally injury can be more severe such as stroke and may increase the risk of developing dementia. Surgeons believe that brain injury is caused by air bubbles entering the blood stream when the heart is opened during surgery, which travel to the brain blocking blood vessels. It is thought that blowing carbon dioxide, which is heavier and ...

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Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a condition where women have disrupted hormone levels, which lead to irregular or absent periods, and ovaries that have many small, fluid-filled sacs (known as follicles or cysts). It is the most common hormonal disturbance causing medical problems amongst women worldwide, and somewhere between 4-15% of women between the ages of 15 to 44 years old are estimated to have the condition. PCOS is associated with a range of medical problems including heart disease, high blood ...

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