The pleura are two thin layers of tissue which cover the outside of the lungs. The pleura are vulnerable to many different diseases, including cancer from elsewhere in the body. The commonest cancer which spreads to the pleura is lung cancer. When this happens, the pleura become irritated and produce fluid which fills the space where the lung would normally be. This collection of fluid is called a pleural effusion and can make a patient very breathless. In general, a ...

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Phase 3 open-label adaptive platform trial for the prevention of RSV in infants. Sites will define locally relevant interventions and questions,likely to depend on standard of care and drug availability in country. Interventions include: • Seasonal mAb: monoclonal antibody administered to infants entering their first RSV season (nirsevimab (Beyfortus)) • MV: maternal vaccine administered between 24+0 and 36+6 weeks of gestation (bivalent RSV prefusion F protein-based vaccine (Abrysvo)) • MV + 4m mAb: MV administered between 24+0 and 36+6 weeks of gestation plus infant ...

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Each year in the UK at least 60,000 patients are diagnosed with heart failure. Coronary artery disease (narrowing of the blood vessels supplying the heart) is the most common cause of heart failure. Invasive coronary angiography is often done as the first line test to identify coronary artery. However, we know from work with our patient and public involvement groups that most patients would prefer to avoid invasive coronary angiography if possible. The aim of this trial is to establish if ...

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People who have chest pain, shortness of breath, or an irregular heartbeat may have heart problems. There are cardiac biomarkers in the blood that show if the heart muscle is damaged. Being able to easily check for these biomarkers could help doctors to identify what is wrong and provide the right type of care as soon as possible. A new test for heart problems is being developed by Osler on their Osler Origin product, which enables the testing to take ...

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Up to one third of patients undergoing coronary angiography have moderate to severe calcium build-up in their heart arteries. As the population ages, the number of patients with calcified coronary lesions requiring complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is expected to increase. Calcified arteries make procedures more difficult, often resulting in longer treatment times and poorer outcomes. To improve these outcomes, it is important to prepare the artery by modifying the calcium before placing a stent. Several approved devices are available on ...

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This cognitive function decline study comparing haemodialysis (HD) patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients will be conducted using the DOPPS and PDOPPS (Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study) core protocols and infrastructures in the UK. This will allow comparison of change of cognitive function in incident HD and PD patients over time, with the hypothesis that PD is associated with less cognitive impairment (CI) and slower progression of CI than HD.

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Asthma affects 1 in 11 UK children; one of the commonest reasons children attend hospital emergency departments is for an asthma attack. Many children do not respond to initial treatment (high dose inhalers) and need extra treatment: this usually requires a needle placed into a vein (intravenous therapy), which has unpleasant side effects. High flow humidified oxygen (HiFlo) delivers lots of moist air with added oxygen, through short soft tubes fitting into the nostrils. It helps with breathing and keeps ...

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Aim To find if dexmedetomidine (a painkiller) can help reduce the amount of morphine needed for pain relief in babies who are on a ventilator (a machine which helps babies to breathe). Background Babies born before 37 weeks of pregnancy are premature,but those born before 32 weeks are the most likely to develop problems because of their prematurity. They often need help to breathe which may be given by a ventilator. This can be painful,so doctors give babies painkillers like ...

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Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) along with its counterpart small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), hereafter referenced as CLL, is a common hematologic malignancy primarily affecting older adults. Historically, chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) has been the cornerstone of CLL treatment; however, its limited efficacy and safety concerns have led to the development of novel targeted therapies. Covalent BTKis (cBTKi) such as ibrutinib and acalabrutinib have been widely adopted, as they have demonstrated superior efficacy and improved safety profiles compared to traditional CIT. For patients with ...

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Hepatitis C Virus currently infects more than 50 million people worldwide and remains a major cause of liver cancer, liver failure and death. This study is the first stage in the development of a human challenge model for hepatitis C Virus infection (HCV), which is needed to test new vaccines that will prevent HCV infection. The purpose of this study is to collect blood from people living with a hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection from sites in the UK which ...

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